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The root cause is that plugin_maybe_claim() in ld/plugin.c frees the original BFD object via bfd_close/_bfd_delete_bfd when entry->the_bfd->my_archive == NULL, but the caller retains both the original abfd parameter and a shallow copy (orig_input.the_bfd) as dangling pointers. These dangling pointers are subsequently dereferenced at three distinct locations in add_archive_element:\n\n1. Line ~1442: accessing abfd->my_archive via bfd_usrdata(abfd->my_archive)\n2. Line ~1493: multiple accesses to abfd and abfd->my_archive in a conditional check and bfd_get_filename call\n3. Line ~1525: dereferencing the shallow copy orig_input.the_bfd->my_archive in trace/verbose logging\n\nThe vulnerability is triggered when LTO plugins are active (link_info.lto_plugin_active is true) and the input object has abfd->my_archive == NULL, which is a valid state for standalone object files. Red Hat builds binutils with --enable-plugins and --enable-lto, confirming the vulnerable code path is compiled in and reachable.\n\nAn attacker who can supply a crafted object or archive file to a build process using LTO-enabled linking could exploit this flaw to cause a denial of service (linker crash via segmentation fault). Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible through heap manipulation but is substantially mitigated by hardening measures including stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, ASLR, and PIE.\n\nThe attack surface is limited to build-time environments \u2014 the linker is a development tool not exposed in production runtime. The most realistic exploitation scenario is a supply chain attack introducing a crafted object file as a build dependency in CI/CD pipelines or development environments."}], "id": "CVE-2026-19548", "lastModified": "2026-08-12T17:17:26.353", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary"}], "ssvcV203": [{"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "ssvcData": {"id": "CVE-2026-19548", "options": [{"exploitation": "none"}, {"automatable": "no"}, {"technicalImpact": "partial"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "timestamp": "2026-08-12T16:52:48.222617Z", "version": "2.0.3"}}]}, "published": "2026-08-12T16:16:55.777", "references": [{"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-19548"}, {"source": "[email protected]", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507832"}], "sourceIdentifier": "[email protected]", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "[email protected]", "type": "Secondary"}]}

{"acknowledgement": "Red Hat would like to thank Xuqing Yang (Individual Security Researcher ([email protected])) for reporting this issue.", "bugzilla": {"description": "binutils: binutils: Multiple Use-After-Free in add_archive_element via LTO plugin processing", "id": "2507832", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507832"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "5.5", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-416", "details": ["Multiple Use-After-Free vulnerabilities were found in the add_archive_element function in ld/ldmain.c of the GNU linker (ld), a component of binutils. The root cause is that plugin_maybe_claim() in ld/plugin.c frees the original BFD object via bfd_close/_bfd_delete_bfd when entry->the_bfd->my_archive == NULL, but the caller retains both the original abfd parameter and a shallow copy (orig_input.the_bfd) as dangling pointers. These dangling pointers are subsequently dereferenced at three distinct locations in add_archive_element:\n1. Line ~1442: accessing abfd->my_archive via bfd_usrdata(abfd->my_archive)\n2. Line ~1493: multiple accesses to abfd and abfd->my_archive in a conditional check and bfd_get_filename call\n3. Line ~1525: dereferencing the shallow copy orig_input.the_bfd->my_archive in trace/verbose logging\nThe vulnerability is triggered when LTO plugins are active (link_info.lto_plugin_active is true) and the input object has abfd->my_archive == NULL, which is a valid state for standalone object files. Red Hat builds binutils with --enable-plugins and --enable-lto, confirming the vulnerable code path is compiled in and reachable.\nAn attacker who can supply a crafted object or archive file to a build process using LTO-enabled linking could exploit this flaw to cause a denial of service (linker crash via segmentation fault). Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible through heap manipulation but is substantially mitigated by hardening measures including stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, ASLR, and PIE.\nThe attack surface is limited to build-time environments \u2014 the linker is a development tool not exposed in production runtime. The most realistic exploitation scenario is a supply chain attack introducing a crafted object file as a build dependency in CI/CD pipelines or development environments."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Build environments should avoid running LTO-enabled linking (ld with plugin support) against untrusted or externally-supplied object and archive files. The linker is a build-time tool, not present in production runtimes, so the realistic exposure is to CI/CD pipelines and developer workstations that build from untrusted or externally-contributed sources (supply-chain style attack). Standard hardening measures (ASLR, stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, PIE) substantially reduce the likelihood of arbitrary code execution via heap manipulation, limiting the more realistic impact to a linker crash (denial of service)."}, "name": "CVE-2026-19548", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-16-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "mingw-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "mingw-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-14-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-15-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "gcc-toolset-16-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "mingw-binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "binutils", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Fix deferred", "impact": "moderate", "package_name": "rhcos", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-08-12T13:40:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-19548\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19548"], "statement": "This Moderate severity use-after-free flaw in binutils affects Red Hat products where the GNU linker is used with Link-Time Optimization (LTO) plugins enabled, such as in development and CI/CD environments. Exploitation requires an attacker to introduce a specially crafted object or archive file into the build process, leading primarily to a denial of service due to a linker crash. Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible but significantly hindered by existing system hardening measures.", "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"affected": [{"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "product": "binutils", "vendor": "gnu"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 81.0, "confidence_source": "matching", "scores": [{"score": 85.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 81.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "product": "adminutil", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 100.0, "confidence_source": "manual", "scores": [{"score": 100.0, "source": "manual"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "enterprise_linux", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 95.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 95.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 98.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat Hardened Images", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "hardened_images", "vendor": "redhat"}, {"configurations": [{"platform": null, "status": "affected", "versions": null}], "enrichment": {"confidence": 95.0, "confidence_source": "inferred", "scores": [{"score": 95.0, "source": "inferred"}, {"score": 96.0, "source": "matching"}]}, "original": {"product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4", "source": "cna", "vendor": "Red Hat"}, "product": "openshift_container_platform", "vendor": "redhat"}], "created": "2026-08-13T00:30:06.002123+00:00", "updated": "2026-08-13T10:39:23.973909+00:00", "vendors": ["gnu", "gnu$PRODUCT$binutils", "redhat", "redhat$PRODUCT$adminutil", "redhat$PRODUCT$enterprise_linux", "redhat$PRODUCT$hardened_images", "redhat$PRODUCT$openshift_container_platform"]}